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Explainers

Coverage, charts, video and research on Explainers for universal owners.

Latest in Explainers
Sovereign Wealth Funds

Samruk-Kazyna: Kazakhstan's National Wealth Fund, Explained

Samruk-Kazyna is Kazakhstan's roughly $88bn national wealth fund — a state holding company that owns the country's strategic companies rather than a globally diversified portfolio. A guide to how it works.

UAO Editorial · Jun 30, 2026
Sovereign Wealth Funds

Mumtalakat: Bahrain's Sovereign Wealth Fund, Explained

Mumtalakat is Bahrain's roughly $18bn sovereign wealth fund, built to diversify the kingdom away from oil and gas. A guide to its strategic holdings, global portfolio and mandate.

UAO Editorial · Jun 30, 2026
Pension Funds

Local Pensions Partnership (LPP), Explained

Local Pensions Partnership is a UK Local Government Pension Scheme pool formed by Lancashire and the London Pensions Fund Authority. A guide to how it works and how the UK's megafund agenda is reshaping it.

UAO Editorial · Jun 30, 2026
Private Markets

Direct Lending vs Broadly Syndicated Loans: How They Differ

Direct lending and broadly syndicated loans serve different portfolio roles. Direct lenders control terms and covenants; syndicated loan investors trade customization for market liquidity and diversification.

UAO Editorial · Jun 30, 2026
Pension Funds

Pension Fund De-Risking: Strategies and Pathways to Full Funding

Major pension funds are shifting toward de-risking strategies to lock in asset gains and match pension liabilities. This article examines liability-driven investment, hedging techniques, and the institutional pathways to full funding status.

UAO Editorial · Jun 29, 2026
UAO Fiduciary

What is the DOL prudence and loyalty rule?

The Department of Labor's prudence and loyalty rule forms the backbone of ERISA fiduciary law, mandating that pension fund trustees prioritize participant interests above all else. Understanding these standards is essential for institutional allocators managing retirement capital.

UAO Editorial · Jun 29, 2026
Private Markets

Open-Ended vs Closed-Ended Funds in Private Markets

Open-ended and closed-ended fund structures serve different institutional capital deployment strategies. Understanding their mechanics is essential for asset owners structuring private markets allocations.

UAO Editorial · Jun 29, 2026
Private Markets

Vintage Year Diversification in Private Equity, Explained

Institutional investors use vintage year diversification to manage concentration risk and cash flow timing in private equity portfolios. This approach addresses a structural challenge in how private capital allocates and realizes value.

UAO Editorial · Jun 29, 2026
Private Markets

The ILPA Principles: The Institutional LP Standard for Private Equity

The ILPA Principles represent the institutional LP standard for private equity governance. Adopted by major pension funds and endowments, they establish transparency, fee alignment, and accountability benchmarks across the asset class.

UAO Editorial · Jun 29, 2026
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